Windows Explained
The Fundamentals of a Window
Diagram of a Window
a - Head refers to the upper boundary of the window and represents to top of the entire window.
b - Jamb comes from the French for leg and supports the outer edge of the window (the left and right boundaries).
c - Frame is the entire outer portion of the window and the construct in which the sashes or other parts move.
d - Glazing is any process or material applied to panes of glass.
e - Panes are individual units of glass, divided by muntin bars.
f - Sash is an entire assembly of panes and is the part that generally moves.
g - Sill is the lower portion of the window, which usually protrudes out from the wall.
h - Muntin bars separate individual panes (also known as grilles or windowpane dividers).
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Types of Manufactured Windows
Single-Hung/Double Hung
Double-hung window- Sashes slide vertically
- In single-hung units, the bottom sash is the only sash that moves.
- Ventilation regulated by widening vertical crack with bottom sash
- Screens possible on exterior / interior.
Casement
Casement window- Hinges are located on one side
- Low air leakage rates (tighter seal than sliding windows)
- Better ventilation (larger area open to outside)
- Can catch passing breezes (window protrudes outside into wind)
- Screens installed on interior
Bow Window
Bow window
- Similar to bay window, more actual windows
- Radiate out to form semi-circle
Bay Window
Bay window
- Combination of three-plus windows
- Center made of one or more windows parallel with wall
- Outer windows angled back towards wall
Awning
Awning window- Similar to casement windows, but hinges at top
- Also open outward and lower leakage rates
Fixed Frame
Fixed frame window- Used mainly for adding exterior light to rooms
- Does not open or move
- Provides no ventilation
Skylight
Skylight window- Installed in ceiling
- Parallel to roof
- Some models can open and provide ventilation
- Brings in more sunlight than a traditional wall window
Slider
Slider window- Similar to single/double hung windows, but turned on their side
- Either one or both sashes will be able to move and slide
- Provides ventilation as opening is widened by sashes.